In 2009/2010, Isandla Institute conducted a pilot study in Nelson Mandela Bay Metro, reviewing its human settlements response from the perspective of HIV/AIDS. Particular attention was given to informal settlement upgrading. The pilot study was complemented by a scenarios building exercise with senior representatives from the municipality, aimed at reviewing settlement planning and management assumptions in relation to broader socio-economic and institutional drivers of development in the city. The project was conducted in partnership with Nelson Mandela Bay Metro.